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Article History

Received: 13 September 2025

Accepted: 2 March 2026

First Online: 9 March 2026

Declarations

:

: Ethics approval was obtained from the Research Ethics Committee for Social Sciences, Humanities, and the Arts (CEI-CCSSHHyAA) of the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru (Lima, Peru), under authorization number 079-2025-CEI-CCSSHHyAA/PUCP. This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. Participation was voluntary, and participants were informed about the objectives of the research, the procedures involved, their right to withdraw at any time without penalty, and the measures taken to ensure confidentiality and anonymity of their data.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.