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Authors
Amjad, Amjad Islam https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4250-7526
Javaid, Sana https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0878-2615
Saira, https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1781-148X
Akhter, Shamim https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1815-6973
Khasawneh, Mohamad Ahmad Saleem https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1390-3765
Al-Kahlan, Thabet Bin Saeed
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Deanship of Scientific Research, King Khalid University ((RGP2/412/46))
Deanship of Scientific Research, King Khalid University ((RGP2/412/46))
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Article History
Received: 21 October 2025
Accepted: 2 March 2026
First Online: 10 March 2026
Declarations
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: We conducted the research according to the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. The ethics committee of the School Education Department, the Government of Punjab, Pakistan, approved the current study vide number HM-153913/CL/229/25.
: Not Applied.
: Informed consent was obtained from all participants before data collection. Participants were fully informed about the purpose of the research, its procedures, and their right to withdraw at any time without penalty. All participants were above18 years, informed consent from parents or legally authorized representatives was not required.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
