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Article History

Received: 18 May 2025

Accepted: 11 March 2026

First Online: 20 April 2026

Declarations

:

: The present study was approved by the Research Committee of Nepal Commerce Campus, Faculty of Management, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal (approval ref. 1031/081/082). The approval confirms that all ethical standards required for research involving human participants were strictly respected and adhered to throughout the study. The study was conducted in accordance with the “Tribhuvan University Guidelines for Conducting Research Projects in National Priority Areas − 2081”. The study confirms that informed written consent was obtained from all participants regarding their participation. Participation was voluntary, and respondents were assured of anonymity and confidentiality.

: Consent for the publication of anonymized data was obtained from participants.

: The authors declare no competing interests.