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Article History

Received: 15 July 2025

Accepted: 14 April 2026

First Online: 24 April 2026

Declarations

:

: The survey complied with the principles set forth in the 1975 Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Ethical Review Committee of the Faculty of Biological Science and Technology at Jessore University of Science & Technology in Jessore, Bangladesh (Reference: ERC/FBS/JUST/2020-43(b)). Participants were fully informed about the study’s objectives, procedures, and their right to withdraw at any time. Virtual informed consent was obtained from each participant before they participated in the survey. The initial page of the Google Form detailed the study’s procedures, aims, objectives, confidentiality measures, and purpose in depth. This page did not include any study questions; it solely presented the informed consent. Participants were required to consent to participate by clicking “yes” before accessing the study questions. No identifiable data were stored, and all respondent information remained anonymous. Comprehensive explanations about the study’s purpose and nature were provided. This process was validated through previous online based studies during COVID-19 in Bangladesh. Virtual informed consent to participate in the study was obtained from the participants.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.