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Article History

Received: 30 September 2025

Accepted: 24 April 2026

First Online: 30 April 2026

Declarations

:

: This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval for the research was obtained from Ethics Committee for Research involving Human Subjects of Malaysia University of Science and Technology (MUST) with a reference number MREC/AS/19/25/008. Prior to participation, all participants were provided with detailed information about the study’s objectives, procedures, and their rights, including the right to withdraw at any time without any repercussions. Informed consent was obtained from all participants before the interviews were conducted. Confidentiality and anonymity were strictly maintained throughout the study, and the collected data were securely stored and used solely for research purposes.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.