Benchmarking large language models against qualitative coding and natural language processing in decoding public sentiment on urban upzoning
Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1007/s44212-025-00083-x
Published Online: 2025-09-30
Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy
Rong, Helena Hang
Davis, Jenna
Rada-Orellana, Mauricio
Text and Data Mining valid from 2025-09-30
Version of Record valid from 2025-09-30
Article History
Received: 31 May 2025
Revised: 26 July 2025
Accepted: 25 August 2025
First Online: 30 September 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.