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Authors
Shahnawaz, Maryam
Naseem, Imran
Aamir, Alamzeb
Haq, Ihtisham ul
Khan, Muhammad Bahar
Zaman, Khalid
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Article History
Received: 7 June 2025
Revised: 8 October 2025
Accepted: 13 October 2025
First Online: 7 November 2025
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Department of Research, The Sherwan Institute of Online Education (No. SIOE1232/2024), and relevant survey procedures were in line with the requirements of the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent for participation in this study was provided by the participants.
: Not applicable.
: The author declares that they have no competing interests.
