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Article History

Received: 23 June 2024

Accepted: 30 April 2025

First Online: 19 May 2025

Declarations

:

: The protocol was approved by the Provincial Directorate of National Education of the Ministry of National Education of Turkey in accordance with the “Ministry of National Education Directive on Permission and Implementation of Research and Research Support to be Conducted in Schools and Institutions” and the “approval of the relevant directorate dated 24.05.2019 and numbered 10294247. Before the commencement of this study, formal approval was obtained from the Ministry of National Education of Turkey, the authorized body in the country. Following this, consent was obtained from the families through a consent form for the implementation of the measurement. Participants were informed that no information that could identify the school or the students would be disclosed during the data analysis process. Signed consent forms were collected from all participants.

: The need for informed consent was waived by the Directorate of National Education.

: The authors declare no competing interests.