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Exploring determinants of teacher performance in karachi’s private secondary schools: the roles of subject mastery, organizational leadership, experience, and communication skills

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1007/s44217-025-00682-5

Published Online: 2025-07-17

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Safwan, Shazia

Shaheen, Fayyaz Ahmed

Zaidi, Syed Jaffar Abbas

Siddiqui, Saima
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Text and Data Mining valid from 2025-07-17

Version of Record valid from 2025-07-17
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Article History

Received: 1 May 2025

Accepted: 2 July 2025

First Online: 17 July 2025

Declarations

:

: This study was approved by the Board of Advanced Studies and Research, Hamdard University (Ref No. HU/DRA/20223/324). Informed consent was obtained from all subjects. All experiments were performed in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations (such as the Declaration of Helsinki).

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.

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