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Article History

Received: 3 February 2025

Accepted: 9 July 2025

First Online: 18 September 2025

Declarations

:

: The Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Bahir Dar University has approved this study with the number PRCSVD/740/2023 and granted permission to conduct this study and publish research findings with de-identified students’ names list. Then, permissions were secured from school principals and the teachers’ departments. In addition, a Bahir Dar University review board granted ethical clearance and supervised the research. Informed consent was obtained from all participants involved in the study. The researcher communicated with the participants to build trust, explaining the study’s aim, benefits, and procedures. The researcher arranged a consent form outlining the study’s purpose and the importance of participation, and confidentiality assurance was provided.

: One researcher obtained ethical clearance from Bahir Dar University.

: The authors declare no competing interests.