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Article History

Received: 9 April 2025

Accepted: 12 August 2025

First Online: 14 August 2025

Declarations

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: Ethical approval for this study was obtained from Ethics Review Committee, Margalla Institute of Health Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan and all participants provided informed consent. All participants were informed of the study objectives and they give written consent.

: All authors have reviewed the final version of the manuscript and consent to its publication in Discover Education Journal. Consent for Image Use: The photographs included in this manuscript were sourced from a research paper originally published by Dove Press, which publishes under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC) license. This license permits non-commercial reuse of the published content, provided full attribution is given. Each image used in this manuscript includes appropriate attribution to Dove Press in accordance with their licensing terms. In addition, as authors retain original copyright under Dove Press’s Copyright and Licensing Policies, explicit permission to reuse the images was obtained via email from the original author, Dr. Nebras Althagafi. A statement confirming this is also included in the Methodology section: “All images were sourced from a previously published study with the author’s consent.”

: The authors declare no competing interests.