Document is current

Article History

Received: 22 March 2025

Accepted: 28 August 2025

First Online: 27 October 2025

Declarations

:

: This study was approved by Dilla University, Research Ethics Committee: Ref. No DUPsyc-3655. Following this approval, support letters from Dilla University were submitted to the relevant authorities at the study locations. Before selecting samples, the study's objectives and data collection procedures were thoroughly explained to the participants. All survey responses remained anonymous, as no personal identifiers were collected, such as names, email addresses, phone numbers, or physical addresses. This measure was taken to ensure the privacy and confidentiality of the participants. Written informed consent was also obtained from all study participants. All participants in our study provided their informed consent to participate before any data collection took place. They were fully briefed on the objectives of the research, the procedures involved, and any potential risks or benefits of participation. Participants were assured of their right to withdraw from the study at any time without any repercussions. Detailed information regarding the nature of the study, usage of the data, and measures to ensure confidentiality was provided to each participant to facilitate their informed decision-making.

: In our study, we obtained consent from all participants regarding the publication of results derived from their contributions. Each participant was informed about the purpose of the research, and they were assured that their identities would remain confidential. The consent process included a clear explanation of how their data would be used in publications, with no identifying information disclosed. Participants were invited to discuss any concerns regarding the publication of the findings. Given these steps, all participants gave their informed consent for the publication of this research.

: The authors declare no competing interests.