Mohammed, Abdullah https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2534-4953
Nasir, Ibrahim https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6382-8807
Musa, Ahmed https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0224-9718
Abdalla, Ahmed Osman Ahmed https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9492-2089
Funding for this research was provided by:
Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU-DDRSP2501)
Article History
Received: 4 July 2025
Accepted: 1 September 2025
First Online: 26 September 2025
Declarations
:
: The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Veterinary Sciences at the University of Gadarif, Sudan (No.GU-VS-2024-18). Participants were informed about the purpose, procedures, benefits, and potential risks of the study. They were assured of the confidentiality and anonymity of their data and responses. Participants were also informed that they had the right to decline or withdraw from the study at any time without any consequences. Written informed consent was obtained from each participant before administering the questionnaire. The consent form included details about the study’s objectives, the voluntary nature of participation, and the measures taken to protect participants’ privacy.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.