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Authors
Cumar, Mukhtaar Axmed
Kidane, Befekadu Zeleke
Golga, Dawit Negassa
Dinsa, Feyera
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Article History
Received: 28 June 2025
Accepted: 25 September 2025
First Online: 24 October 2025
Declarations
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: Ethical approval was granted by Haramaya University’s Research Ethics Committee and the Somaliland National Commission for Higher Education. All methods were carried out in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants involved in the study.
: Not applicable. This study does not contain any individual person’s data in any form (including individual details, images, or videos).
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests
