Document is current

Article History

Received: 23 July 2025

Accepted: 14 November 2025

First Online: 23 November 2025

Declarations

:

: The study was reviewed and approved by the Ethical Committee of Wolaita Sodo University. All research activities were conducted in compliance with the university’s ethical guidelines and regulations for PhD dissertations. Necessary clearances were obtained from the department, and participating schools were duly authorized to engage in the study. This research was conducted as part of a PhD dissertation at Wolaita Sodo University, adhering strictly to the university’s ethical guidelines for doctoral research. An introductory letter, signed by institution representative, was provided to the selected schools prior to data collection to secure institutional approval and cooperation. Consent was obtained from all participants, with schools granting permission for the study and individual students voluntarily agreeing to participate. Participants were fully informed of their rights, including the right to withdraw from the study at any time, in accordance with university guidelines.

: All procedures involving human participants in this study complied with the ethical standards of the institutional and national research committees, as well as the Declaration of Helsinki (1964) and its subsequent amendments or comparable ethical standards. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants prior to their involvement in the study.

: The authors declare no competing interests.