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Article History

Received: 31 March 2025

Accepted: 2 December 2025

First Online: 22 December 2025

Declarations

:

: The Institutional Review Board at the University of Bridgeport approved this study, which was conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its subsequent amendments. At each study phase, informed consent was obtained from all participants and their legal guardians. For the validation sample, passive parental consent was secured following district-approved protocols.

: This work has not been previously published and is not under consideration elsewhere.

: All figures and tables are original or appropriately cited from public domain sources; no additional permissions for third-party material were required.

: The authors declare no competing interests.