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Article History

Received: 28 July 2025

Accepted: 5 December 2025

First Online: 19 December 2025

Declarations

:

: Ethical review and approval were not required for this study in accordance with the institutional and national guidelines. The study involved voluntary participation in an anonymous, minimal-risk survey, and no personal or sensitive data were collected. The need for ethical approval was waived by the Cebu Technological University Ethics Committee, as per institutional policies on non-clinical educational research.

: Informed consent was obtained from all participants before the survey. Participation was voluntary, anonymous, and no personally identifiable data were collected. Completing the online survey was considered as implied consent.

: Not applicable. The study does not include any identifiable images or information from human participants.

: The authors declare no competing interests.