Document is current

Article History

Received: 3 November 2024

Accepted: 19 December 2025

First Online: 16 January 2026

Declarations

:

: Approval was obtained from the College of Education Research EthicsCommittee of UNISA. The procedures used in this study adhere to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki.

: Informed consent was freely given by all individual participants included in the study. For participants under the age of 16, consent was obtained from their parent or legal guardian.

: All participants provided written informed consent for the publication of their anonymized data. The authors affirm that no identifying information is included and that ethical standards for participant confidentiality have been upheld throughout the study.

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: The authors used OpenAI to assist with improving the readability and linguistic clarity of the manuscript. All intellectual content, including the study design, data analysis, interpretations, and conclusions, is the original work of the authors. The authors take full responsibility for the integrity and accuracy of the manuscript.