Niroumand, Elham https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6406-6779
Qaderi, Kowsar https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6233-8117
Khazaei, Mohammad Rasool https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9818-0625
Tanha, Rastegar Rahmani https://orcid.org/0000-0001-2012-5829
Babazadeh, Maryam
Fazeli, Manouchehr Avatef https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4264-0618
Ramezani, Ghobad https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8192-5587
Article History
Received: 21 August 2025
Accepted: 12 January 2026
First Online: 27 January 2026
Declarations
:
: This study was conducted under the supervision of the Medical Education Research Center at Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, with ethical code IR.KUMS.REC.1403.432. This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and its subsequent amendments. Ethical approval was obtained from the [Medical Education Research Center at Kermanshah University], and informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to their inclusion in the study. All participants provided written informed consent to participate in this study.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.