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Article History

Received: 28 August 2025

Accepted: 20 January 2026

First Online: 29 January 2026

Declarations

:

: Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Institutional Ethics Committee of Dessie College of Teachers Education, operating under the Research Publication and Dissemination Unit, Dessie, Ethiopia (Reference No. DCTERPDU/1-1030/2025). All procedures involving human participants were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the approving Institutional Review Board and the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent was obtained from all participants included in the study. For students with visual impairments who were minors, informed consent was obtained from their parents or legal guardians. Participants were informed about the purpose of the study, their voluntary participation, and their right to withdraw at any time without penalty.

: This study does not include any identifiable personal data, images, or information of participants that could lead to their identification.

: The authors declare no competing interests.