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Article History

Received: 23 February 2025

Accepted: 21 January 2026

First Online: 28 January 2026

Declarations

:

: The research project successfully passed through the University of Rwanda College of Education ethical committee by following the established ethical process: (1) presentation of the research proposal, (2) submission of the application and tools to be used for ethical research clearance, and (3) review and approval of the application by the ethical research committee. The researchers also obtained formal informed consent from teachers using the approval form. This study involved human participants, and ethical approval was obtained from Ethical Review Board of University of Rwanda College of Education. Informed consent was obtained from all participants before their participation in the study. Participants were informed about the study.

: The authors confirm that participants (or their legal guardians) gave explicit written consent for the publication of anonymized data and information collected during the study.

: The authors have obtained informed consent from all participants.

: The authors declare no competing interests.