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Article History

Received: 19 November 2025

Accepted: 2 February 2026

First Online: 5 February 2026

Declarations

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: The authors confirm that no generative AI tools were used in the production of the original research data or the core analytical findings of this study. However, the DeepL translation tool was utilized solely for linguistic refinement and ensuring the grammatical accuracy of the English-language manuscript. The authors maintain full responsibility for the content and accuracy of the final version.

: The study was conducted in full accordance with international ethical standards. All procedures involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the Ukrainian Ministry of Education and Science (2023) and APA (2022) guidelines. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants (and their legal guardians) included in the study. Reporting research involving human participants, data, or biological material, the authors confirm that the research was approved by the appropriate institutional committee. The study involving human participants was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee for Psychological and Pedagogical Research of Lyceum “School of Humanitarian Labour” (Protocol No. 13, dated December19, 2022). The research was performed in accordance with the ethical standards laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

: All participants in this study were informed about the aims, procedures, and data confidentiality measures. Written Informed Consent to Participate and written Consent for Publication of the anonymized research findings were obtained from all adult participants. For participants who were minors (under 18 years of age), written forms of both Informed Consent and Consent for Publication were secured from their parents and/or legal guardians prior to the commencement of data collection.

: The authors declare no competing interests.