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Article History

Received: 4 December 2025

Accepted: 5 February 2026

First Online: 11 February 2026

<!--Emphasis Type='Bold' removed-->Declarations

:

: This study received ethical approval from the Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah University Research Ethics Committee (UREC), the institutional body responsible for reviewing research involving human participants. The research protocol, including procedures for data collection and participant consent, was reviewed and approved by UREC. All participants were informed of the purpose of the study, and participation was entirely voluntary. Informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to data collection. All procedures were conducted in accordance with relevant institutional and national ethical guidelines and complied with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. All participants provided informed consent before completing the survey. Participation was voluntary and anonymous. No respondents below the age of 16 were included in the study.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.