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Authors
Elkharmali, Zakaria
El Kharraz, Ouail
Khazzar, Abdelhafid
El-Marzouki, Said
Lachhab, Yasser
Chaali, Kaoutar
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Article History
Received: 17 August 2025
Accepted: 9 February 2026
First Online: 15 February 2026
Declarations
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: Ethical clearance for the study was obtained at the course and departmental level through the class coordinator. Formal approval from an institutional ethics committee was not required due to the anonymous, voluntary, and non-invasive nature of the survey. All participants provided informed consent to take part in the study.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
