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Authors
Karatas, Arzum https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6433-3355
Baltaci, Ayberk https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2327-3135
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Article History
Received: 24 September 2025
Accepted: 11 February 2026
First Online: 23 February 2026
Declarations
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: This study did not require ethical approval because it was conducted in accordance with Bandırma Onyedi Eylül University ethical guidelines. All personal data used were anonymised prior to open to public by Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality Vocational Courses-ISMEK. No human or animal experimentation was involved in this study. This study is based on publicly available, anonymized datasets. No direct interaction with human participants occurred, and no identifiable personal data were collected. Therefore, informed consent to participate was not required.
: The data used in this study are open-access and fully anonymized. No individual-level identifiable information is included. As such, consent to publish was not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
