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Article History

Received: 5 December 2025

Accepted: 2 March 2026

First Online: 2 April 2026

Declarations

:

: This study did not involve any human participants, animals, or biological materials; therefore, ethical approval was not required. The research was based solely on bibliometric and content analysis of existing published literature, and no experiments on humans or animals were conducted. The study was carried out in accordance with the Department of Management’s institutional guidelines and regulations at Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta.

: Not applicable. The manuscript does not contain any personal data from any individual, in any form (including images, videos, or personal details).

: Not applicable. Informed written consent was not required as the study did not involve human participants or any identifiable personal data.

: The authors declare no competing interests.