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Authors
Zhang, Ning
Bian, Miao
He, Deli
Hu, Xin
Yang, Yi
Zhu, Mengya
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ministry of Education Industry-University Cooperation and Collaborative Education Project (220905940081836; 230824094807214)
First-class Undergraduate Course Construction Project of Central South University of Forestry and Technology (2021-87-32)
Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province, China (2023JJ31014)
Research Foundation of Education Bureau of Hunan Province, China (21B0271)
Third Batch of Youth Special Projects of Hunan University of Applied Technology in 2024 (2024HYQN120)
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Article History
Received: 7 June 2025
Accepted: 2 March 2026
First Online: 6 March 2026
Declarations
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: This study, which involved the use of questionnaires and educational surveys, was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of Central South University of Forestry and Technology, in accordance with relevant institutional and national guidelines and regulations. The original approval file is provided in Sect. of Supporting Information. All participants were informed of the purpose and voluntary nature of the study. Completion and submission of the questionnaire were considered as implied consent to participate.
: The research involving human participants via questionnaire and educational survey was conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the Ethics Committee of Central South University of Forestry and Technology and with the relevant national regulations and institutional guidelines.
: All participants were informed that their anonymized responses may be used in scientific publications. No identifiable personal information has been published or will be published.
: Participants were provided with a statement explaining the purpose of the study, assurance of anonymity, and their right to decline or withdraw at any time. By proceeding with the questionnaire, participants indicated their informed consent.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
