Document is current
Any future updates will be listed below
-
Authors
Bahrun, Bahrun
Muslem, Asnawi
Zulfahmi, Zulfahmi
Hidayat, Mukhlis
Radhi, Fahrul
- License Information
-
More Information
Article History
Received: 22 September 2025
Accepted: 13 March 2026
First Online: 21 March 2026
Declarations
:
: All research procedures were reviewed and approved by the Committee of Educational Research Ethics, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Indonesia (Ref: 10617/ETIK-FKIP/USK/2024). The study was conducted in accordance with national and institutional ethical standards for social science research. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants involved in the study. For participants under the age of 18, consent was obtained from their parents or legal guardians.
: All participants provided informed consent for the publication of anonymized data in this manuscript.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
