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Authors
Galal, Hany M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0969-5705
El Morsy, Rania M. https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6472-2968
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Article History
Received: 14 October 2025
Accepted: 7 May 2026
First Online: 14 May 2026
Declarations
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: This study was conducted in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration and approved by the Scientific Research Ethics Committee of the Higher Institute for Administrative Sciences, Egypt (Code: HIAS/REC/25-001, dated February 16, 2025).
: Not applicable.
: All participants provided voluntary informed consent after receiving detailed written information about the study objectives, procedures, risks, and benefits, and after having the opportunity to ask questions.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
