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Authors
Suwanreang, Chanankarn
Pankaew, Kanitkan
Plodkaew, Kittiya
Jun-on, Nipa
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Thailand Science Research and Innovation (LPRU 006/2566)
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Article History
Received: 4 September 2025
Accepted: 11 May 2026
First Online: 20 May 2026
Declarations
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: Ethical considerations received careful attention throughout the research process. Institutional approval was obtained from relevant institutional review boards of Chiang Mai Rajabhat University (IRBCMRU 2023/293.29.08) and educational authorities in Lampang Province. All methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations of the Institutional Review Board of Chiang Mai Rajabhat University.
: Informed consent was secured from all teacher participants and student guardians with particular attention to cultural appropriateness and accessibility for participants. Voluntary participation was emphasized through clear communication that participation would not affect academic standing or access to educational opportunities, while data confidentiality was maintained through participant identification coding, secure data storage protocols, and restricted access procedures that limited data access to authorized research team members only.
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
