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Authors
Rezzaki, Anas
Moumen, Zineb
Seddik, Lahcen
El Otmani, Fadwa
Saidi, Abdelmawla
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Article History
Received: 1 October 2025
Accepted: 12 May 2026
First Online: 21 May 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Pedagogical Committee of the Higher Normal School (École Normale Supérieure), Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco, in accordance with institutional guidelines for educational research and national regulations.
Consent for publication: Not applicable
Informed consent: Informed consent was obtained from all participants and their legal guardians prior to participation in this study, and all data were collected anonymously in compliance with institutional ethical standards.
Statement regarding research involving human participants and/or animals: Not applicable
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
