Heidari, Fatemeh
Masoumian Hosseini, Seyedeh Toktam
Ahmady, Soleiman
Article History
Received: 28 January 2026
Accepted: 19 May 2026
First Online: 2 June 2026
Declarations
:
: The present study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Board of Shahid Beheshti University (IR.SBMU.SME.REC.1401.073). No experimental interventions were involved in this research. In compliance with IRB regulations, data were collected from students who voluntarily completed an anonymous questionnaire. Informed consent was obtained from all participants, who were provided with detailed information regarding the study’s purpose and procedures on the first page of the questionnaire. All analyses were performed at the group level, ensuring that no individual participant could be identified or linked to the reported findings.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.