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Article History

Received: 11 December 2025

Accepted: 29 May 2026

First Online: 21 July 2026

Declarations

Ethics approval and consent to participate: Ethical approval was obtained from the Health Research Ethics Committee of the University of Nigeria Nsukka, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Enugu State, Nigeria, with reference number FPSRE/UNN/23/0010. The study was conducted in line with the guidelines and regulations of the Health Research Ethics Committee of the University of Nigeria Nsukka, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Informed consents were obtained from all participants. They were made to understand that participation is voluntary and there was no consequence for non-participation. No identifier and all information were kept confidential and used for research purposes. Participation in this study was entirely voluntary. All participants were provided with clear information about the nature, purpose, and procedures of the study. They were informed of their right to decline or withdraw from the study at any time without any consequences. Prior to participation, written and oral informed consent was obtained from each participant, confirming their understanding and agreement to take part in the study.

Consent for publication: Participants were informed that the data collected during the study would be used for research purposes like publications, presentations, or academic reports. Consent to publish anonymized findings was obtained orally from each participant and any identifiable information has been removed or altered to ensure confidentiality and privacy are maintained.

Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.

Data availability: The author confirms that all data generated or analysed during the study will be made available on request.