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Authors
Fan, Yinxin https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2961-0576
Ito, Hiroyuki https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4686-7040
Sakai, Atsushi https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9767-0387
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Article History
Received: 24 January 2026
Accepted: 15 June 2026
First Online: 21 June 2026
Declarations
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: This study involved human participants and was approved by the Tokyo Metropolitan University Research Ethics Committee (approval no. H4-51) on March 24, 2022, in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and the ethical guidelines of Tokyo Metropolitan University. Written informed consent was obtained electronically from all participants prior to their participation in the study. Participants indicated their consent by selecting the “Agree” button before accessing the online questionnaire.
: Not applicable. All data presented in this study are anonymized and do not include identifiable information.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
