Sajja, Ramteja https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2432-2472
Sermet, Yusuf https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1516-8335
Demir, Ibrahim https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0461-1242
Funding for this research was provided by:
University of Iowa
Article History
Received: 10 December 2025
Accepted: 18 June 2026
First Online: 1 July 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study did not involve experiments, interventions, or interactions with human participants, nor the collection of identifiable personal data. The research consisted of the development and evaluation of embedding models using publicly available or instructor-shared course syllabi and synthetically generated text pairs. Therefore, ethical approval and institutional review board (IRB) review were not required for this study. Not Applicable. This study did not involve human participants or participant recruitment.
Consent for publication: Not Applicable. This study does not include any individual person’s data in any form.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.