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Authors
Ding, Huiming https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5747-7796
Homer, Matt https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1161-5938
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Association for the Study of Medical Education (ASME) Small Grants
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Article History
Received: 28 January 2026
Accepted: 27 August 2026
First Online: 2 September 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: Ethical approval was obtained from the University of Leeds’s Faculty of Medicine and Health Research Ethics Committee (FREC) for School of Medicine (ethical approval number: MREC1986) before data collection started. The study was conducted in accordance with the University’s research ethics guidelines applicable when human participants are involved. Informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to their involvement in this study.
Consent for publication: Participants provided consent for publishing findings of anonymised data derived from this study.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
