Xu, Xinhui https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5813-3900
Feng, Tinghao
Zhang, Yulu
He, Zhengcheng
Yuan, Philip F.
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Key R&D Program of China (2023YFC3806900)
Article History
Received: 13 January 2025
Revised: 19 April 2025
Accepted: 12 June 2025
First Online: 22 July 2025
Declarations
:
: This study did not require ethics committee approval according to the guidelines of Tongji University, as it solely involved the use of non-identifiable student coursework data for standard educational purposes. All participants (students) were informed about the intended research use of their (anonymized) coursework and provided verbal consent. No personal or sensitive data were collected.
: All authors have reviewed and approved the final version of this manuscript for publication.
: Philip F. Yuan is the Editor-in-Chief for Architectural Intelligence, who is not involved in the joural's review of, or decisions related to this manuscript.