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Article History

Received: 22 November 2024

Accepted: 4 February 2025

First Online: 12 February 2025

Declarations

:

: Ethics approval for the study was obtained from the Senate Research and Publication Committee in July 2023 (MUHAS-REC-07–2023-1821) in accordance with MUHAS research policy and Tanzania Regulations governing human and animal subjects research. Permission for data collection in the Geita region was granted by the Regional Administrative Secretary of Geita region. Participants were duly informed of the purpose of the study and their rights. Written informed consent for this study that includes data collection and consent to participate was requested and obtained from the participants and they were assured of their anonymity in publications. All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations of the approval bodies and in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.