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Authors
Hedima, Erick Wesley
Joab, Jochebed
Otegwu, Temilola Celestina
David, Emmanuel Agada
Kangla, Angela
Labaran, Kamilu Sarki
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Article History
Received: 28 March 2025
Accepted: 24 November 2025
First Online: 1 December 2025
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Department of Research and Statistics, Gombe State Ministry of Health before the commencement of the research. The assigned reference number is Ref: MOH/ADM/621/V.1/208. The study was conducted per the ethical principles outlined in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki. Additionally, informed consent was acquired from all participants prior to the administration of the study instrument.
: All authors and participants provided consent for the publication of the findings from this study, as specified in the consent form.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
