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Authors
Bin Naeem, Muhammad Ahrar
Jawed, Eman
Asif, Mishal
Amjad, Nouman
Ahmed, Sophia
Jawed, Misal
Khalid, Abdur Rehman
Ahmed, Smak
Ahmad, Farooq
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Article History
Received: 20 August 2025
Accepted: 6 February 2026
First Online: 10 February 2026
Declarations
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: This study utilized publicly available data from the CDC WONDER database, which is de-identified and anonymized, ensuring that no personal information of individuals was disclosed or used. As such, the study was exempt from formal ethical review by an Institutional Review Board (IRB) or ethics committee. The research was conducted in accordance with ethical principles and standards for the use of secondary data, ensuring that the data handling and analysis were performed with the highest regard for privacy and confidentiality.
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
