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Article History

Received: 1 June 2025

Accepted: 6 February 2026

First Online: 11 February 2026

Declarations

:

: All procedures involving human participants were conducted in accordance with the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki and the guidelines of the Human Research Ethics Committee of our institution (Approval number: 2023-HN010, Human research ethics committee at Waseda University). Participants were informed in advance that their personal information and responses would be kept confidential and used solely for research purposes. All data were handled and stored in compliance with institutional guidelines.

: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.