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Authors
Yan, Ellene
Alhamdah, Yasmin
Saripella, Aparna
Cheuk, Eric
Islam, Sazzadul
He, David
Fishman, Keera N.
Lovblom, Leif Erik
Tartaglia, Maria Carmela
Tang-Wai, David F.
Wong, Jean
Chung, Frances https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9576-3606
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care
University Health Network Foundation (G-585005300860)
ResMed Foundation (G-575225462760)
University of Toronto Comprehensive Research Experience for Medical Students Program
Ontario Graduate Scholarship
Canadian Institutes of Health Research (FBD-195197)
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Article History
Received: 14 December 2025
Revised: 11 May 2026
Accepted: 27 May 2026
First Online: 17 June 2026
Declarations
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: This study was a post hoc analysis of a multicenter, longitudinal, prospective cohort study (NCT06030765; registered at ClinicalTrials.gov). Research Ethics Boards (REB) approval was obtained from the University Health Network and Mount Sinai Hospital (approval numbers 22-5810 and 22-0194-E). Informed consent was obtained from all participants recruited in the study.
: Not applicable.
: EY reports research support from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Canada Graduate Scholarships Doctoral Award (funding reference number: FBD-195197). YA reports research support from the Ontario Graduate Scholarship. EC reports research support from the University of Toronto Comprehensive Research Experience for Medical Students Program (CREMS). KNF reports grant funding from the Centre for Aging and Brain Health Innovation. MCT reports funding from NIH Clinical trials in AD: Janssen, Roche, Avanex, Merck, Green Valley, Biogen. JW reports research support from the Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care Innovation Fund, Merck Inc. and is supported by a Merit Research Award from the Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Toronto. FC reports research support from the Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care Innovation Grant, University Health Network Foundation, ResMed Foundation, and STOP-Bang Questionnaire proprietary to University Health Network. The remaining authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
