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Article History

Received: 11 April 2025

Accepted: 19 October 2025

First Online: 23 October 2025

Declarations

:

: The Ethical Committee of the University of South Africa, in South Africa has granted approval for this study on 29/04/2023 (Ref no: 2024/CAES_HREC/3493). This study was conducted in accordance with the UNISA ethics guidelines for the College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences (CAES).

: All participants involved in this study were given informed consent form to sign prior to their participation. The purpose and potential implications of the study were explained to the participants. Participation was voluntary, and participants were informed that they can withdraw from the study at any time without any consequences. Confidentiality of the participants’ information was strictly maintained throughout the research process.

: Informed consent was obtained from all the participants. Participants were informed about purpose, the procedure followed and the implications of the study. Permission was obtained prior the study from municipality and participants to publish the research findings and photographs of the study area. No participants were taken photographs to maintain anonymity.

: The authors declare no competing interests.