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Digital inclusion and ecosystem-based incentives as predictors of smallholder readiness for sustainability-oriented change in Indonesian oil palm landscapes

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1007/s44274-026-00656-w

Published Online: 2026-03-21

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Hasmin, Hasmin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9570-9658
Salman, Darmawan

Demmallino, Eymal B.

Nurung, Jumiaty

Darhamsyah, Darhamsyah
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Text and Data Mining valid from 2026-03-21

Version of Record valid from 2026-03-21
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Article History

Received: 1 January 2026

Accepted: 16 March 2026

First Online: 21 March 2026

Declarations

:

: This research programme obtained ethical approval from the Research Ethics Committee, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia (No. 1849/UN4.14.1/TP.01.02/2025; valid from 20 September 2025 to 20 September 2026). All procedures were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations, including the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki—Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects (as revised). All participants provided informed consent prior to participation.

: Not applicable. No personal identifying information is reported.

: The authors declare no competing interests.

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