Walker, Ethan S.
Cox, Sara M.
Jones, David
Stewart, Taylor
Faiella, Jennifer
Leary, Cindy S.
Chassereau, Laurie
Fu, Linda Y.
Lee, Jeannette Y.
Smith, Paul G.
Cowan, Kelly
Semmens, Erin O.
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institute of General Medical Sciences (P20GM130418)
Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) Program Institutional Development Award (IDeA) States Pediatric Clinical Trials Network (UG1 OD024952)
Article History
Received: 14 November 2025
Accepted: 24 March 2026
First Online: 31 March 2026
Declarations
:
: The University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Institutional Review Board (FWA0000119) and Alaska Area IRB approved this protocol. The authors certify that the study was performed in accordance with the ethical standards as laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments.
: Written, informed consent to participate was obtained from the legal guardians of all participants.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.