Document is current

Article History

Received: 23 April 2025

Accepted: 16 October 2025

First Online: 29 October 2025

Declarations

:

: Ethical approval was obtained from the Humanities and Social Sciences Research Ethics Committee (HSSREC) of the University of Kwazulu-Natal, Durban South Africa. The protocol was granted FULL APPROVAL. The Protocol reference number HSSREC/00007015/2024 with project title Project title: Rice supply chain sustainability challenges: A Northern Ghana case study. Consent forms to participate were also sent out to the ethics board prior to the approval.

: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. Prior to data collection, all participants were provided with detailed information about the study's purpose, procedures, potential risks and benefits, and their right to withdraw at any time without penalty. Verbal consent was witnessed and formally recorded for focus group discussions, and written consent was obtained for in-depth interviews, in accordance with the approved ethical protocol.

: We, the Authors of this manuscript, give our consent for the publication of identifiable details within the work submitted.

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: The views and opinions expressed in this article are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of any institution to which the authors and publisher are affiliated.