Updates are available Correction dated 2026-06-05

Article History

Received: 2 December 2025

Accepted: 24 March 2026

First Online: 13 April 2026

Change Date: 15 May 2026

Change Type: Update

Change Details: The original online version of this article was revised: Typographical errors were identified in Eqs. 2, 3, and 4, and the related text. The article has been updated to rectify the errors.

Change Date: 5 June 2026

Change Type: Correction

Change Details: A Correction to this paper has been published:

Change Details: https://doi.org/10.1007/s44279-026-00629-w

Declarations

:

: All maize plant materials used in this study were acquired and handled in accordance with applicable national and institutional regulations governing agricultural research in Nepal. No endangered, protected, or restricted plant species were used in the study. The study involved cultivated maize genotypes maintained by the National Maize Research Program, Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal. No wild plant or seed collections.

: All authors have read and approved the final version of the manuscript and consent to its publication.

: The authors declare no competing interests.