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Authors
Twagiramungu, Charles Lwanga
Bedadi, Bobe
Ngaboyisonga, Claver
Nsengumuremyi, Concorde
Fangueiro, David
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Partnership for Applied Sciences, Engineering, and Technology (PASET) - Regional Scholarship and Innovation Fund
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Article History
Received: 20 December 2025
Accepted: 22 June 2026
First Online: 24 June 2026
Declarations
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: This study did not involve human participants or animals. No endangered, protected, or restricted plant species were used. Therefore, no specific ethical approval was required for this type of agronomic research in Rwanda. This study was conducted under the permission (N o : NCST/482/426/2023) obtained from the National Council for Science and Technology (NCST) of Rwanda.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
