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Authors
Nziku, Alphoncia Pius
Mwakyusa, Lupakisyo
Madege, Richard Raphael
Ismail, Abdelbagi
Nchimbi-Msolla, Susan
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (A-2022-8/8R-000-15741)
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Article History
Received: 8 May 2026
Accepted: 7 September 2026
First Online: 25 September 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: Not applicable. This study did not involve human participants, animals, or procedures requiring ethical approval. The experiments were conducted on rice ( Oryza sativa L.) germplasm under controlled screenhouse conditions in accordance with institutional research guidelines.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
