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Article History

Received: 19 July 2025

Accepted: 11 November 2025

First Online: 18 November 2025

Declarations

:

: This research study adheres to the principles of ethical conduct in research involving human subjects. The study was conducted under the guidelines provided by the Institutional Research Ethics Review Committee (IRERC) of Debre Tabor University (Ref No. DTU/Rp/366/17), and this study was also performed in full accordance with the ethical standards with the 2013 revision of the Declaration of Helsinki.

: In preparation for this manuscript, the authors used “Grammarly” to improve the readability and language of the manuscript. After using this tool, the authors reviewed and edited the content as needed and take full responsibility for the content of the publication.

: All participants of the study were provided with consent to participate in the study. Researchers provided full information to participants about the purpose of the study. Participants in KIIs, FGDs, and surveys were over the age of 18. Participants’ confidentiality and anonymity were strictly protected. Researchers minimized social desirability bias and actively worked to assess cultural sensitivities.

: All participants have provided consent allowing for the publication of their anonymized responses and narratives in this research. Participants details have been removed to assurance confidentiality.

: The authors declare no competing interests.